Cell Structure and Function

Nucleoid
A region of the cytoplasm that is not enclosed in a membranous sac.

Lipid Bilayer

continuous, oily boundary substances that prevents the free passage of water-soluble substancesacross it.

Wavelenght:

The distance from the peak of the wave  and the peak behind it.

Organelle:

Carry out speciallizate function of preukaryotic cell.

Vesicles:

small menbrane sac in cytoplasm.

Nuclear Envelope:
a double membrane that is outer boundary of the nucleus.

Chromatin:
all of DNA molecules and its protein.

Chromosome:
a linear DNA double helix with many histone.

Peroxisome:
Enzyme - Filled that breaks down amino acid.

Cell junction:
any molecular structure of a tissue.

Pseudopods:
membrane enclosed to cytoplasm.

 

Cell membrane structure and function

Fluid mosaic model
a mixed composition or a mosaic of phospholipids.

Transport proteins
let specific solutes diffuse through a membrane spaning channel.

Receptor proteins
Bind extracellular substances.

Recognition proteins
Indentity tags for each specie.

Adhesion proteins
help cells of the same type to locate each other and remain the proper tissue.

Communication Proteins
form channels that match up across the plasma membranes of two cells.

Concentration gradient
diferrences in number per unit volume of moleculesof a substance between two adjoining regions.

Diffusion
is the name for the net movement of like molecules or ions down concentration gradient.

Electric gradient
is a difference in electric charge between adjoining regions.

Pressure gradient
Difference in pressure exerted per unit volume between two adjoinig regions.

Osmosis
the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Hypotonic solution
the one with fewer solutes.

Hypertonic solution
The one having more solutes.

Isotomic solution
no net osmotic movement.

Hydrostatic pressure
pressure against the wall or membrane that contains it.

Osmotic pressure
one measure of the tendency of water to follow its water concentration gradient.

Endocytosis
a small patch of plasma membrane.

Exocytosis
a vesicle moves to the cell surface and then the protein-studded lipid bilayer of its membrane.

Phagocytosis
is a common endocytic pathway.